Apollo 15 astronaut left a piece of Oregon on the moon

When the moon is full and hanging low in the sky over Central Oregon, take a good close look at it. In one of its craters, surrounded by tire tracks and boot prints and the abandoned "moon buggy," a tiny chunk of Oregon lies on its surface.

Here's how it got there:

Starting around 1964, NASA started sending future lunar astronauts to various unusual places to study volcanic geology and to familiarize themselves with landscapes that they thought they might encounter on the moon. Although terrestrial telescopes were excellent in the early 1960s, nobody really knew what the astronauts would find when they arrived on its surface..

So, to give them both scientific knowledge and operational familiarity, astronauts like Buzz Aldrin, James Lovell and Jim Irwin were sent to a variety of places around the world that were known for unique volcanic features: Iceland, Hawaii, Meteor Crater in Arizona - and Central Oregon.

Central Oregon had rather a lot to offer the astronaut-scholars, so they spent a lot of time here. They studied Hole in the Ground, Fort Rock, the Newberry Crater - and, of course, the McKenzie lava fields.

Bend, being a relatively decent-sized town in the middle of all these features, naturally became a sort of field headquarters for NASA scientists and astronauts.

NASA was very pleased with Central Oregon's helpful and enthusiastic response, and its astronauts and scientists in Oregon started referring to Bend as "Moon Country" - a term that some historians think actually originated with the Bend Bulletin newspaper, but was quickly adopted by NASA personnel.

As the space program intensified, so did NASA's connection to Central Oregon. In 1965, it staged an international lunar geological field conference in Bend, featuring more than 100 of the best and the brightest members of the team that was then pouring everything it had into the goal of landing the moon shot. Legendary Oregon science journalist Phil Brogan, at the time a staff writer for the Bend Bulletin, must have thought he'd won the lottery.

It was the following year that astronaut Jim Irwin came to Bend; like his colleagues, he came to study and to practice.

When Irwin and the others arrived, the city threw a welcoming dinner for them at the Bend Golf Club. Each astronaut was paired up with a local host, whose job it was to make sure his guest didn't get bored or overlooked. Irwin was assigned to a fellow named Floyd Watson, the building inspector for the city.

The two of them must have gotten along well, because Irwin remembered Watson five years later, when he was picked for the Apollo 15 moon landing - the first of three lunar missions that involved putting a car on the moon (the Lunar Rover) and driving it around the surface.

When Watson heard his old friend had been picked as the lunar-module pilot for the mission, he got out a chunk of lava rock that he'd picked up near Devil's Lake - the one near Bend, not the Devil's Lake in Lincoln City. With a hammer, he chipped a chunk off of it that weighed no more than a few grams, slim enough to slip into an envelope, and then posted it off to Irwin with a letter congratulating him on being selected for the historic mission.

"I am sending you a small sliver of Central Oregon lava that I hope you will be able to deliver to the moon for me," he added at the end of his letter. "I have five grandchildren who will be eternally grateful to you."

Off went the letter, and Watson thought little more of it. It had been a long shot, of course, and there was no guarantee Irwin even remembered who Watson was.

A few months later, Irwin blasted off from Cape Canaveral, packed into the Apollo 15 module with commander David Scott and command-module pilot Alfred Worden. Scott and Irwin spent three days prowling the surface of the moon while Worden orbited above them.

And a few weeks after their return, Watson got a letter from Irwin.

"I did carry your sliver of lava to the moon and left it there," Irwin wrote - and enclosed an autographed photo of it, with the tiny chip of Oregon denoted with an arrow and the words "Oregon lava on the moon!"

Watson treasured the letter, picture and the chunk of rock that he broke the lunar sliver off of for the rest of his life. And, of course, he never looked at the moon the same way again.

Irwin never told his higher-ups at NASA about the lava, though. This was probably because he and Scott were reprimanded after their return. It seems they'd cut a private deal with a postage stamp dealer to haul a bunch of postal covers up to the moon with them, to be autographed and sold upon their return. With Irwin and Scott in that kind of hot water, they were probably reluctant to admit to having brought up any other unauthorized cargo.

And indeed, NASA officials were at first skeptical about the claim of Oregon lava on the moon.

"I don't recall any stories about Jim Irwin taking a rock from Oregon and placing it on the surface of the moon," NASA historian Glen Swanson told Central Oregon journalist Melany Tupper in a 2002 letter. "I think this is pretty unlikely due to the severe weight restrictions and time limitations that the crew had on the lunar surface."

However, perhaps the letter got NASA thinking about it, because a few years later the space agency got a similar request from Oregon Public Broadcasting reporter Sierra Jenkins, and Eric M. Jones, editor of the Apollo Lunar Surface Journal, took a closer look at some of the photographs from the mission. Cross-referencing them with Irwin's letter to Watson, he was able to identify the rock, and confirmed the story as almost certainly true.

Thus, we can consider - with apologies to martyred Great War poet Rupert Brooke - that there's some corner of a foreign world that is forever Oregon.

(Sources: Tupper, Melany. High Desert Roses: Significant Stories from Central Oregon. Fairfield, CA: 1st Books, 2003; Matthews, Denise. "Returning to Oregon's Moon Country," Oregon Documentary Project, Univ. of Oregon School of Journalism, 2010; Brogan, Phil. "Central Oregon rock rests on the moon," The Bend Bulletin, Oct. 2, 1971; Jones, Eric M. Apollo Lunar Surface Journal, at http://www.hq.nasa.gov)

Finn J.D. John is an instructor at Oregon State University and the author of "Wicked Portland," a book about the dark side of Oregon's metropolis in the 1890s. To contact him or suggest a topic: [email protected], @OffbeatOregon (on Twitter), or 541-357-2222.